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The Kyocera Digno Keitai 3 and Kyocera Digno Keitai 4 both have GPS built in, however it seems that location is unstable and sometimes nonfunctional on the device regardless.
Android devices can usually take advantage of FLP (Fused Location Provider), which can can provide location based on GPS, cellular network, WiFi and Bluetooth. However, these phones do not have this feature due to not having Google play services. Additionally, typical android apps expect to get location data from Google play services, which can potentially lead to the phone having a GPS signal, but with the application not receiving it.
Some apps do support a raw GPS signal however, and can be used as an alternative.
It is also possible to expose location to typical apps expecting Google play services through microG, although this process may require rooting the phone.
It may be the case that these phones can take advantage of Japanese specific location providers while in Japan through built in software, but this has not been confirmed. If that is the case then it would explain why some users have had seeming success with microG providing location data on non rooted phones. It would mean that the phone supports non Google service providers, however this has not been confirmed.
GPS
Within the settings app navigate to Location settings.
More settings>Location
Make sure that Location is checkmarked, and set Location mode to “High accuracy”. WiFi and Bluetooth are not useful, but mobile networks can assist with GPS accuracy.
With GPS you may only successfully get a signal when outside, or in smaller buildings.
microG
Rooted
For rooting the Digno 4 please see Rooting_the_Kyocera_Digno_Keitai_4
For this section you will require microG to be installed. See the Using microG page for installation options.